Text Box: Effective Vocabulary Instruction 1. Teacher provides description, explanation, or example using descriptions not definitions 2. Students restate the explanation in their own words 3. Students create a non-linguistic representation of new term 4. Students periodically do activities to add to their knowledge - comparing terms - classifying terms - generating metaphors using terms - creating analogies using terms -evaluate initial descriptions or non-linguistic representations -using understanding of roots and affixes to deepen knowledge of terms 5. Students periodically discuss terms with each other 6. Play games Adapted from: Building Background Knowledge for Academic Achievement by Robert J. Marzano, 2004.